Annual Report 2014

Universiti pertahanan nasional malaysia

laporan tahunan 2014

P e n y e l i d i k a n

d a n I n o v a s i

Bil

Penyelidik

Anugerah

Tajuk Penyelidikan/ Projek

Ringkasan Produk

BLAST RESISTANCE GLASS PANEL

CELLULOSE MICROFIBRIL/

NANOFIBRIL (CMNF) FROM

NATURAL BIO-BASED CELLULOSE

FOR DEFENCE AND SECURITY

APPLICATION

The use of glass as a glazing material in the

construction industry is ever expanding in modern

society. In spite of its inherent weakness due to its

brittle nature, glass has unique aesthetic qualities

and functionalities that have no viable substitute.

However, the current geopolitical problems globally

have resulted in increasing violence from terrorism

activities, the most frightening being in the form

of bombings in urban settings. Investigations and

analysis of such blast events have confirmed that

the glass shards generated by the explosions

from smashed windows and glazing facades pose

as great a physical hazard to personnel as those

directly exposed. The high velocity and jagged

edges of the glass fragments become deadly

projectiles. Blast resistant glass is now appearing in

some building specifications, especially in high risk

localities and buildings serving security sensitive

functions. It is also specified in industries with

explosion potential due to materials or process

employed. International standards for blast

resistant glass are in place to ensure protection

performances are definable and measurable.

Development of blast resistant glass products

to combat this security threat is imperative to

offer credible protection to societies where such

risks are apparent. The applications of glass

lamination technology and explosives knowledge

have enabled this to be achieved through R & D

collaboration between UPNM and Secuglass Sdn

Bhd, a local glass processing specialist. A broad

range of blast resistant glass products have been

developed and tested to resist the blast effect on

building from terrorist attack. Through the blast

test conducted, this glazing material had shown a

significance resistance from high explosion blast.

This show there is a potential for these glazing

material to be used for military, government

building, commercial shopping complex, hotels

and also in the high risk terrorist threat area.

Cellulose is one of the most abundant biomass

material in nature extracted from natural fibers.

Its hierarchical structure allows different kinds of

cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) fillers to be obtained

known as cellulose microfibril/nanofibril (CMNF).

CMNF has unique features, interesting for the

development of new materials: the abundance of the

source cellulose, its renewability and environmentally

benign nature, its mechanical properties and its

nano-scale dimensions open a wide range of

possible properties to be discovered.

This research was done using hardwood waste and

agriculture (non-wood) waste. Alkali treatment and

bleaching have been applied on hard wood waste

(Merbau Intsia bijuga and Resak Vatica spp.) and

non-wood (banana pseudo-stem Musa acuminate

and Pineapple leaf Ananas Comosus). The structure

and morphology of the fibres have been found

to be affected by the used of alkaline treatment

and bleaching. The crystallite size and percentage

crystallinity of the untreated (raw banana fibres) and

treated (microfibrils cellulose) fibres were investigated

using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). XRD studies shows

that the treated cellulose prepared by such chemical

treatment (alkali and bleaching treatment) was more

crystalline than the untreated fibres.

Prof. Madya Ir. Dr.

Mohammed Alias Bin

Yusof

Prof. Dr. Fauziah Binti

Haji Abdul Aziz

GOLD

(Sambungan) Jadual 41: Anugerah dan Pencapaian Penyelidik Pada ITEX 2014